What is counseling in education? 3 Types of counseling. In this article you will know in details. Read full article to know about the Types of counseling directive and non directive and eclectic counselling with merits , demerits and steps of eclectic counselling.
Concept of Counselling
Counseling is a professional service provided to an individual who is facing problem and needs assistance to overcome the problem. Counselling is considered as an integral part of Guidance.
Counselling is a process that involves two people one is the counselor and the other is the person who needs help or assistance technically called counselee or client. They sit face to face and find solution to the problem and also help in the overall development of an individual.
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According to Ruth Strung,
“Counselling is a face to face relationship in which growth takes place in the counselor as well as the counselee.”
According to Erickson,
“A counselling interview is a person to person relationship in which one individual with some problem and needs turn to another person for assistance.”
Thus, counselling is the process where the counselor assist and individual in his growth and development and it also made a positive in his outlook through self understanding.
Characteristics of counselling
Some of the important characteristic features of counselling process are as below-
- Counselling is a mutual relationship between two people the counselor and the client.
- It involves intense conversation or discussion.
- Counselling is a face to face relationship.
- It is a professional services provided by an expert in that particular field.
- Counselling deals with the abnormal behavior and emotional problems.
Types of counseling
Counselling can be categories into 3 types which are
- Directive counselling
- Non-directive counselling
- Eclectic counselling
Now we are going to discuss 3 types of counselling one by one in details.
Directive counselling
E.G. Williamson is the chief exponent of directive counselling. Directive counselling is fully counselor centere, because counselor plays an important role in solving the problem. It is the counselor, who discovers the problem, diagnoses the problem and provides solution for it.
In this type of counselling the emphasis is given upon the problem like what is the cause of the problem and how can it best be solved? Etc. and not upon the client.
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Merits of directive counselling
Directive counselling has some benefits which are
- Directive counselling is economical. It saves time.
- In this type of counselling more focus is on the problem rather that the person or the client.
- Counselor can involve directly as it is a counselor oriented counselling.
- It focuses more on the intellectual aspects of the clients rather than emotional aspects.
- Counselor becomes readily available to assist the client which makes the client happy.
Demerits of Direct counselling in Education
- Directive counselling is a counselor oriented and therefore, the client does not get any ability for self-analysis. Client becomes fully dependent on the counselor.
- Sometimes, the counselor fails in saving the client to commit the same mistake again.
- Unless and until a person does not develop some attitude through experience, he can not make any decision.
- In some cases, client becomes helpless and waits for the counselor to give solution.
2. Non Directive Counselling
Non-directive counselling is another types of counseling which is also known as permissive counselling or client oriented counselling. An American psychologist, Carl Rogers is the leading exponent of this type of counselling where the client is free to express and the counselor only directs and guides.
The counselor also passes occasional remarks so as to keep his client on the right track. This way the counselor helps the counselee to think out the solution of the problem himself and this is the real purpose of counselling complete responsibility is placed on the individual and thus client plays the primary role in this process of counselling.
Merits of non-directive counselling
- Non directive counselling provides freedom to the person wanting counselling.
- This counselling shifts the person from unconscious to conscious state of mind.
- It provides a free environment where the client can work at ease.
- This process is not laborious and difficult.
- Non directive process focus on emotional aspects of an individual. Therefore, it helps in the removal of emotional and mental block the thus reduces counselee’s tension.
Demerits of non directive counseling
- Non-directive counselling process is time consuming.
- In this approach the counselor is passive therefore, the client may not express his feeling freely.
- It is not suitable for immature individual.
- As the process is client oriented, the solution to the problem may not be accurate because the judgment of the client can not be relied entirely.
- It relies of the discussion of the problem with the counselor and then finds a solution through discussion. But through discussion all problem can not solve and may need other techniques and tools as well.
3 Eclective counselling
Eclectic counselling is a combination and synthesis of direct and non direct counseling. The chief exponent of this type of counselling is F.C Thorne. Here, in this types of counseling both the counselor and the counselee co-operate and work actively. Both do the talking turn by turn and they solve the problem jointly.
The process emphasis on the personality and the needs of the counselee and finds techniques which can used to find a solution to the problem faced by the client. the techniques used in eclectic counselling are testing, case history and provide the essential information to the client. so that the problem can solve very effectively.
Steps of eclectic counselling
- First the counselor studies about client’s need and personality.
- After consulting with the client, the counselor chooses appropriate techniques.
- Then the techniques are apply or use to solve the problem.
- The techniques and the counselling process are evaluated to know whether it has been effective or not.
- Then the counselor proceeds counseling.
- The counselor seeks the feedback of the client whether the technique and counselling provided have been help of not.
These 6 steps are generally followed to conduct eclectic counselling process. However, these steps are varying from different expert’s point of view.
Merits of eclectic counselling in education
- In this type of counselling emotions, tensions are release and insight is develop in client.
- The counselor and the counselee both are active in the process so the practical solution can be provided.
- It is highly flexible approach. So it may use according to the situation.
- Eclectic counselling provided better insight of his weakness and strength.
- This approach helps in modifying the ideas and attitudes.
Demerits or disadvantages
- Eclectic counseling is sometimes cosideres as a vague and opportunistic.
- There is no rule to what extent the freedom can be given to the client. so it may affects in solution findings.
- Here, the counselor and the counselee both are active. But at the sometime both can not be active in finding solution.
Conclusion
Thus, counselling is a two way process that involves two individual the client and the counselor and they work with mutual cooperation. counselor enables him to gain self-understanding and self acceptance. And also help in the growth and development of the counselee. There are three types of counseling. Which are Directive counselling, Non directive counselling and Eclectic counselling. Which we have discussed above. Explore more.
Disclaimer: The content is only for reference purpose.
FAQs
Q. What is directive counseling?
Ans: Directive counseling is the counseling which emphasis on the problem rather than the person. It is counselor centre counseling because counselor plays main role in solving the problem. It is the counselor, who discovers the problem, diagnoses the problem and provides solution for it.
Q. What are the 3 types of counseling?
Ans: There are 3 types of counseling. 1. Directive counseling 2. Non Directive Counseling 3. Eclectic Counseling.
Q. What are the disadvantages of directive counseling?
Ans: The common disadvantages of directive counseling are 1. It is counselor oriented and therefore, the client becomes fully dependent on the counselor. 2. The counselor fails in saving the client to commit the same mistake again. 3. It is the counseling centred counseling so client fully depends on counseler.
Q. who is the profounder of non-directive counselling?
Ans: Carl Rogers is the propounder of non-directive counseling.
Q. What is the another name of non-directive Counselling?
Ans: The another name of non-directive counseling is permissive counseling. It is also call client oriented counseling.
Q. Directive counselling is given by
Ans: Directive counselling is given by E.G. Williamson
Q. What is eclectic Counselling in education?
Ans: Eclectic counselling is a combination of both direct and non direct counseling. Here, in this types of counseling both the counselor and the counselee co-operate and work actively. Both do the talking turn by turn and they solve the problem jointly.
Q. who is chief exponent of eclectic counselling
Ans: F.C Thorne is chief exponent of eclectic counseling.
Q. which type of counseling is consider as vogue?
Ans: Eclectic counseling is a vague and opportunistic counseling.